The Complete Handbook of Leis

Chapter 1: Understanding Leis

A lei is a wreath or garland, typically strung or woven from natural or synthetic materials, that is worn around the neck or presented as a gift. While this simple definition is technically accurate, it fails to convey the product's dual nature. A lei is both a physical object with specific structural and material properties, and a cultural artifact with deep social significance. For anyone working with leis professionally or seriously—whether you are a florist, an event planner, a costume designer, or a business owner—understanding this duality is not an academic exercise. It is the foundation for every practical decision you will make, from sourcing and pricing to storage and presentation.

Let us first consider the physical construction. Every lei, regardless of material, is a system under tension. It is a series of individual elements—flowers, leaves, shells, nuts, or beads—held together by a connective thread, wire, or natural fiber. The interplay between the component parts and the string determines the lei's drape, durability, and overall aesthetic. A simple string of plumeria blossoms, for example, relies on a needle and thread passing through the delicate base of each flower. The structural integrity of that lei is limited by the strength of the string and the fragility of the flower's tissue. In contrast, a nut lei, composed of polished kukui nuts, is strung on a far more durable cord. The individual nuts are rigid and do not crush, meaning the finished lei can withstand significant handling and travel